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# Source code for fabio.marccdimage

    Authors:
    ........
    * Henning O. Sorensen & Erik Knudsen:
      Center for Fundamental Research: Metal Structures in Four Dimensions;
      Risoe National Laboratory;
      Frederiksborgvej 399;
      DK-4000 Roskilde;
      email:erik.knudsen@risoe.dk
    * Jon Wright:
      European Synchrotron Radiation Facility;
      Grenoble (France)

    marccdimage can read MarCCD and MarMosaic images including header info.

    JPW : Use a parser in case of typos (sorry?)

    """

    # Base this on the tifimage (as marccd seems to be tiff with a
    # special header

    from tifimage import tifimage
    import logging
    logger = logging.getLogger("marccdimage")

    # Now for the c definition (found on mar webpage)
    # The following string is therefore copyrighted by Mar I guess

    CDEFINITION = """
    typedef struct frame_header_type {
             /* File/header format parameters (256 bytes) */
             UINT32        header_type;  /* flag for header type
                                               (can be  used as magic number) */
             char header_name[16];           /* header name (MMX) */
             UINT32        header_major_version;   /* header_major_version  (n.) */
             UINT32        header_minor_version;   /* header_minor_version  (.n) */
             UINT32        header_byte_order;/* BIG_ENDIAN (Motorola,MIPS);
                                                LITTLE_ENDIAN (DEC, Intel) */
             UINT32        data_byte_order;  /* BIG_ENDIAN (Motorola,MIPS);
                                                LITTLE_ENDIAN (DEC, Intel) */
             UINT32        header_size;      /* in bytes                     */
             UINT32        frame_type;       /* flag for frame type */
             UINT32        magic_number;     /* to be used as a flag -
                                                usually  to indicate new file */
             UINT32        compression_type; /* type of image compression    */
             UINT32        compression1;     /* compression parameter 1 */
             UINT32        compression2;     /* compression parameter 2 */
             UINT32        compression3;     /* compression parameter 3 */
             UINT32        compression4;     /* compression parameter 4 */
             UINT32        compression5;     /* compression parameter 4 */
             UINT32        compression6;     /* compression parameter 4 */
             UINT32        nheaders;         /* total number of headers      */
             UINT32        nfast;            /* number of pixels in one line */
             UINT32        nslow;            /* number of lines in image     */
             UINT32        depth;            /* number of bytes per pixel    */
             UINT32        record_length;    /* number of pixels between
                                                succesive rows */
             UINT32        signif_bits;      /* true depth of data, in bits  */
             UINT32        data_type;        /* (signed,unsigned,float...) */
             UINT32        saturated_value;  /* value marks pixel as saturated */
             UINT32        sequence;         /* TRUE or FALSE */
             UINT32        nimages;          /* total number of images - size of
                                                each is nfast*(nslow/nimages) */
             UINT32        origin;           /* corner of origin             */
             UINT32        orientation;      /* direction of fast axis       */
             UINT32        view_direction;   /* direction to view frame      */
             UINT32        overflow_location;/* FOLLOWING_HEADER,  FOLLOWING_DATA */
             UINT32        over_8_bits;      /* # of pixels with counts  255 */
             UINT32        over_16_bits;     /* # of pixels with count  65535 */
             UINT32        multiplexed;      /* multiplex flag */
             UINT32        nfastimages;      /* # of images in fast direction */
             UINT32        nslowimages;      /* # of images in slow direction */
             UINT32        background_applied;/* flags correction has been applied
                                                  hold magic number ? */
             UINT32        bias_applied;     /* flags correction has been applied
                                                 hold magic number ? */
             UINT32        flatfield_applied;/* flags correction has been applied -
                                                  hold magic number ? */
             UINT32        distortion_applied;/*flags correction has been applied -
                                                  hold magic number ? */
             UINT32        original_header_type;    /* Header/frame type from  file
                                                        that frame is read from */
             UINT32        file_saved;         /* Flag that file has been  saved,
                                                  should be zeroed if modified */
             char reserve1[(64-40)*sizeof(INT32)-16];

             /* Data statistics (128) */
             UINT32        total_counts[2];  /* 64 bit integer range = 1.85E19*/
             UINT32        special_counts1[2];
             UINT32        special_counts2[2];
             UINT32        min;
             UINT32        max;
             UINT32        mean;
             UINT32        rms;
             UINT32        p10;
             UINT32        p90;
             UINT32        stats_uptodate;
             UINT32        pixel_noise[MAXIMAGES]; /*1000*base noise value (ADUs) */
             char reserve2[(32-13-MAXIMAGES)*sizeof(INT32)];

             /* More statistics (256) */
             UINT16 percentile[128];

             /* Goniostat parameters (128 bytes) */
             INT32 xtal_to_detector;  /* 1000*distance in millimeters */
             INT32 beam_x;            /* 1000*x beam position (pixels) */
             INT32 beam_y;            /* 1000*y beam position (pixels) */
             INT32 integration_time;  /* integration time in  milliseconds */
             INT32 exposure_time;     /* exposure time in milliseconds */
             INT32 readout_time;      /* readout time in milliseconds */
             INT32 nreads;            /* number of readouts to get this  image */
             INT32 start_twotheta;    /* 1000*two_theta angle */
             INT32 start_omega;       /* 1000*omega angle */
             INT32 start_chi;         /* 1000*chi angle */
             INT32 start_kappa;       /* 1000*kappa angle */
             INT32 start_phi;         /* 1000*phi angle */
             INT32 start_delta;       /* 1000*delta angle */
             INT32 start_gamma;       /* 1000*gamma angle */
             INT32 start_xtal_to_detector; /* 1000*distance in mm (dist in um)*/
             INT32 end_twotheta;           /* 1000*two_theta angle */
             INT32 end_omega;              /* 1000*omega angle */
             INT32 end_chi;                /* 1000*chi angle */
             INT32 end_kappa;              /* 1000*kappa angle */
             INT32 end_phi;                /* 1000*phi angle */
             INT32 end_delta;              /* 1000*delta angle */
             INT32 end_gamma;              /* 1000*gamma angle */
             INT32 end_xtal_to_detector;   /* 1000*distance in mm (dist in um)*/
             INT32 rotation_axis;          /* active rotation axis */
             INT32 rotation_range;         /* 1000*rotation angle */
             INT32 detector_rotx;          /* 1000*rotation of detector  around X */
             INT32 detector_roty;          /* 1000*rotation of detector  around Y */
             INT32 detector_rotz;          /* 1000*rotation of detector  around Z */
             char reserve3[(32-28)*sizeof(INT32)];

             /* Detector parameters (128 bytes) */
             INT32 detector_type;            /* detector type */
             INT32 pixelsize_x;              /* pixel size (nanometers) */
             INT32 pixelsize_y;              /* pixel size (nanometers) */
             INT32 mean_bias;                        /* 1000*mean bias value */
             INT32 photons_per_100adu;       /* photons / 100 ADUs */
             INT32 measured_bias[MAXIMAGES];/* 1000*mean bias value for each image*/
             INT32 measured_temperature[MAXIMAGES];  /* Temperature of each
                                                        detector in milliKelvins */
             INT32 measured_pressure[MAXIMAGES]; /* Pressure of each  chamber
                                                   in microTorr */
             /* Retired reserve4 when MAXIMAGES set to 9 from 16 and
                two fields removed, and temp and pressure added
              char reserve4[(32-(5+3*MAXIMAGES))*sizeof(INT32)]
             */

             /* X-ray source and optics parameters (128 bytes) */
             /* X-ray source parameters (8*4 bytes) */
             INT32 source_type;              /* (code) - target, synch. etc */
             INT32 source_dx;                /* Optics param. - (size  microns) */
             INT32 source_dy;                /* Optics param. - (size  microns) */
             INT32 source_wavelength;        /* wavelength  (femtoMeters) */
             INT32 source_power;             /* (Watts) */
             INT32 source_voltage;           /* (Volts) */
             INT32 source_current;           /* (microAmps) */
             INT32 source_bias;              /* (Volts) */
             INT32 source_polarization_x;    /* () */
             INT32 source_polarization_y;    /* () */
             char reserve_source[4*sizeof(INT32)];

             /* X-ray optics_parameters (8*4 bytes) */
             INT32 optics_type;              /* Optics type (code)*/
             INT32 optics_dx;                /* Optics param. - (size  microns) */
             INT32 optics_dy;                /* Optics param. - (size  microns) */
             INT32 optics_wavelength;        /* Optics param. - (size  microns) */
             INT32 optics_dispersion;        /* Optics param. - (*10E6) */
             INT32 optics_crossfire_x;       /* Optics param. - (microRadians) */
             INT32 optics_crossfire_y;       /* Optics param. - (microRadians) */
             INT32 optics_angle;             /* Optics param. - (monoch.
                                                        2theta - microradians) */
             INT32 optics_polarization_x;    /* () */
             INT32 optics_polarization_y;    /* () */
             char reserve_optics[4*sizeof(INT32)];

             char reserve5[((32-28)*sizeof(INT32))];

             /* File parameters (1024 bytes) */
             char filetitle[128];            /*  Title                  */
             char filepath[128];             /* path name for data  file  */
             char filename[64];              /* name of data  file  */
             char acquire_timestamp[32];     /* date and time of  acquisition */
             char header_timestamp[32];      /* date and time of header  update  */
             char save_timestamp[32];        /* date and time file  saved */
             char file_comments[512];        /* comments, use as desired   */
             char reserve6[1024-(128+128+64+(3*32)+512)];

             /* Dataset parameters (512 bytes) */
             char dataset_comments[512];     /* comments, used as desired   */
             /* pad out to  3072 bytes */
             char pad[3072-(256+128+256+(3*128)+1024+512)];

             } frame_header;
    """

    import struct

    # Convert mar c header file types to python struct module types
    C_TO_STRUCT = {
        "INT32"  : "i",
        "UINT32" : "I",
        "char"   : "c",
        "UINT16" : "H"
        }

    # Sizes (bytes) of mar c header objects
    C_SIZES = {
        "INT32"  : 4,
        "UINT32" : 4,
        "char"   : 1,
        "UINT16" : 2
        }

    # This was worked out by trial and error from a trial image I think
    MAXIMAGES = 9

    def make_format(c_def_string):
        """
        Reads the header definition in c and makes the format
        string to pass to struct.unpack
        """
        lines = c_def_string.split("\n")
        fmt = ""
        names = []
        expected = 0
        for line in lines:
            if line.find(";") == -1:
                continue
            decl = line.split(";")[0].lstrip().rstrip()
            try:
                [typ, name] = decl.split()
            except ValueError:
                logger.debug("skipping: %s" , line)
                continue

            if name.find("[") > -1:
                # repeated ... times
                try:
                    num = name.split("[")[1].split("]")[0]
                    num = num.replace("MAXIMAGES", str(MAXIMAGES))
                    num = num.replace("sizeof(INT32)", "4")
                    times = eval(num)
                except Exception, error:
                    logger.error("%s Please decode %s", error, decl)
                    raise error
            else:
                times = 1
            try:
                fmt += C_TO_STRUCT[typ] * times
                names += [name] * times
                expected += C_SIZES[typ] * times
            except KeyError:
                continue
        return names, fmt

    # Make these be compiled on loading module
    HEADER_NAMES, HEADER_FORMAT = make_format(CDEFINITION)

    def interpret_header(header, fmt, names):
        """
        given a format and header interpret it
        """
        values = struct.unpack(fmt, header)
        hdr = {}
        i = 0
        for name in names:
            if hdr.has_key(name):
                if type(values[i]) == type("string"):
                    hdr[name] = hdr[name] + values[i]
                else:
                    try:
                        hdr[name].append(values[i])
                    except AttributeError:
                        hdr[name] = [hdr[name], values[i]]
            else:
                hdr[name] = values[i]
            i = i + 1

        return hdr

    class marccdimage(tifimage):
        """ Read in data in mar ccd format, also
            MarMosaic images, including header info """

        def _readheader(self, infile):
            """
            Parser based approach
            Gets all entries
            """
            infile.seek(1024)
            hstr = infile.read(3072)
            self.header = interpret_header(hstr, HEADER_FORMAT, HEADER_NAMES)

        def _read(self, fname):
            """
            inherited from tifimage
            ... a marccd image *is a* tif image
            just with a header
            """
            return tifimage.read(self, fname)

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