
=========
PyGeodesy
=========

A pure Python implementation of geodesy tools for various ellipsoidal and
spherical earth models using precision trigonometric, vector-based and
approximate methods for geodetic (lat-/longitude) and geocentric cartesian
(x/y/z) coordinates.

Transcribed from `JavaScript originals`_ by *Chris Veness (C) 2005-2016*
and published under the same `MIT License`_.

There are three modules for ellipsoidal earth models, *ellipsoidalKarney*,
*-Vincenty* and *-Nvector* and two for spherical ones, *sphericalTrigonometry*
and *-Nvector*.  Each module provides a *LatLon* class with methods and
functions to compute distance, initial and final bearing, intermediate
and nearest points, area, perimeter, conversions and unrolling, among
other things.  For more information and further details see the
documentation_, the descriptions of `Latitude/Longitude`_, Vincenty_ and
`Vector-based`_ geodesy, the original `JavaScript source`_ or docs_ and
the Python `GeographicLib`_.

Also included are modules for conversions to and from UTM_ (Universal
Transverse Mercator) and `Web Mercator`_ (Pseudo-Mercator) coordinates,
MGRS_ (NATO Military Grid Reference System) and OSGR_ (British Ordinance
Survery Grid Reference) grid references and a module for encoding and
decoding Geohashes_.

Two other modules provide Lambert conformal conic projections and positions
(from `John P. Snyder`_, *Map Projections -- A Working Manual*, 1987, pp
107-109) and several functions to simplify_ or linearize a path of *LatLon*
points (or a `NumPy array`_), including implementations of the
`Ramer-Douglas-Peucker`_, the `Visvalingam-Whyatt`_ and the `Reumann-Witkam`_
algorithms and modified versions of the former.

All Python source code has been statically checked_ with PyChecker_,
PyFlakes_, PyCodeStyle_ (formerly Pep8) and McCabe_ using Python 2.7.15
and with Flake8_ using Python 3.7.0, both in 64-bit on macOS 10.13.6
High Sierra.

The tests have been run with Python 2.7.15 (with geographiclib_ 1.49 and
numpy_ 1.14.0), with Python 3.7.0 (with geographiclib_ 1.49) and with
`PyPy 6.0.0`_ Python 2.7.13 and 3.5.3 on macOS 10.13.6 High Sierra and
macOS 10.14 Mojave, with Python 2.6.9, 2.7.14, 3.5.6 and 3.6.3 (and
geographiclib_ 1.49) on `Debian 8`_ and with Python 3.7.0 (and
geographiclib_ 1.49) on `Debian 9`_, all in 64-bit only and with Python
2.7.15, 3.6.6 and 3.7.0 (all with geographiclib_ 1.49) on
`Windows Server 2012R2`_ in 32- and 64-bit.

Previously, the tests were run with 64-bit Python 2.6.9 (and numpy 1.6.2),
2.7.10 (and numpy 1.8.0rc1), 2.7.13, 2.7.14 (and numpy 1.13.1), 3.5.3,
3.6.2, 3.6.3, 3.6.4, 3.6.5 and `Intel-Python`_ 3.5.3 (and numpy_ 1.11.3)
on MacOS X 10.10 Yosemite, MacOS X 10.11 El Capitan, macOS 10.12 Sierra,
macOS 10.13.4 and/or 10.13.5 High Sierra, with Pythonista_ 3.1 on iOS
10.3.3, 11.0.3, 11.1.2 and 11.3, with Pythonista_ 3.2 on iOS 11.4.1, with
32-bit Python 2.6.6 on Windows XP SP3, with 32-bit Python 2.7.14 on
Windows 10 Pro.

In addition to the PyGeodesy_ package, the distribution files contain the
tests, the test results (on macOS only) and the complete documentation
generated by Epydoc_ using command line: ``epydoc --html --no-private
--no-source --name=PyGeodesy --url=... -v pygeodesy``.

To install PyGeodesy, type ``pip install PyGeodesy`` or ``easy_install
PyGeodesy`` in a terminal or command window.  Alternatively, download
``PyGeodesy-yy.m.d`` from PyPI_ or GitHub_, ``unzip`` the downloaded file,
``cd`` to directory ``PyGeodesy-yy.m.d`` and type ``python setup.py install``.
To run all PyGeodesy tests, type ``python setup.py test`` before installation.

Installation of `NumPy`_ and `GeographicLib`_ is optional.  However, the
latter is required for module *ellipsoidalKarney* classes *LatLon* and
*Cartesian* and the functions *areaOf* and *perimeterOf*.

Some function and method names differ from the JavaScript version.  In such
cases documentation tag **JS name:** shows the original JavaScript name.

*Last updated: Sep 30, 2018.*

.. _checked: http://GitHub.com/ActiveState/code/tree/master/recipes/Python/546532_PyChecker_postprocessor
.. _Debian 8: http://Travis-CI.org/mrJean1/PyGeodesy
.. _Debian 9: http://Cirrus-CI.com/github/mrJean1/PyGeodesy/master
.. _docs: http://www.Movable-Type.co.UK/scripts/geodesy/docs
.. _documentation: http://mrJean1.GitHub.io/PyGeodesy
.. _Epydoc: http://PyPI.org/project/epydoc
.. _Flake8: http://PyPI.org/project/flake8
.. _geographiclib: http://PyPI.org/project/geographiclib
.. _Geohashes: http://www.Movable-Type.co.UK/scripts/geohash.html
.. _GitHub: http://GitHub.com/mrJean1/PyGeodesy
.. _Intel-Python: http://software.Intel.com/en-us/distribution-for-python
.. _JavaScript originals: http://GitHub.com/ChrisVeness/geodesy
.. _JavaScript source: http://GitHub.com/ChrisVeness/geodesy
.. _John P. Snyder: http://pubs.er.USGS.gov/djvu/PP/PP_1395.pdf
.. _Latitude/Longitude: http://www.Movable-Type.co.UK/scripts/latlong.html
.. _McCabe: http://PyPI.org/project/mccabe
.. _MGRS: http://www.Movable-Type.co.UK/scripts/latlong-utm-mgrs.html
.. _MIT License: http://OpenSource.org/licenses/MIT
.. _numpy: http://PyPI.org/project/numpy
.. _NumPy array: http://docs.SciPy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.array.html
.. _OSGR: http://www.Movable-Type.co.UK/scripts/latlong-os-gridref.html
.. _PyChecker: http://PyPI.org/project/pychecker
.. _PyCodeStyle: http://PyPI.org/project/pycodestyle
.. _PyFlakes: http://PyPI.org/project/pyflakes
.. _PyGeodesy: http://PyPI.org/project/PyGeodesy
.. _PyPI: http://PyPI.org/project/PyGeodesy
.. _PyPy 6.0.0: http://PyPy.org
.. _Pythonista: http://OMZ-Software.com/pythonista
.. _Ramer-Douglas-Peucker: http://WikiPedia.org/wiki/Ramer-Douglas-Peucker_algorithm
.. _Reumann-Witkam: http://psimpl.SourceForge.net/reumann-witkam.html
.. _simplify: http://Bost.Ocks.org/mike/simplify
.. _UTM: http://www.Movable-Type.co.UK/scripts/latlong-utm-mgrs.html
.. _Vector-based: http://www.Movable-Type.co.UK/scripts/latlong-vectors.html
.. _Vincenty: http://www.Movable-Type.co.UK/scripts/latlong-vincenty.html
.. _Visvalingam-Whyatt: http://hydra.Hull.ac.UK/resources/hull:8338
.. _Web Mercator: http://WikiPedia.org/wiki/Web_Mercator
.. _Windows Server 2012R2: http://CI.AppVeyor.com/project/mrJean1/pygeodesy

``Copyright (C) 2016-2018 -- mrJean1 at Gmail dot com``

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copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
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and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:``

``The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.``

``THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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